Kerosene incandescent lamp.



110,823,733; 1 PATENTED JUNE 19, 1906.

l v1r. yAf MATHES. KEROSENE INGANDBSOENT LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED 1050.13. 1904" Win65@- mnniw a mmm co,. wmmlmocmwms, wAsmNcJoN u c -TQ @ZZ whom it may con/cern: i

j UNITED j surge' ISATENT, OFFICE JOHNA. MATHEs, orV sAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

KEROSENE INCANDESCENT LAMP.

Application led December 13, 19.04. Serial Ilo. 236,652.

Be it known that I, JOHN A.T MATHES, a citizenof the United States, residing at San Die o, in the county of San Diego and State of alifor'nia, have invented certain new and vuseful Improvements in Kerosene Incandescent Vapor Lamps, of which the following is a. specification. Y

This invention relates to lamps for burning kerosene for lighting purposes, and more fparticularly'to that class of lamps in which kerosene is vaporized and the vapor burned in connection with a mantle, and has for lits primary object the provision of extremely simple, compact,'durable, positive, and eifrcient means for vaporizin kerosene and burning the vapor, interming ed with air, inconnection with a mantle, thus producing an eX- tremely powerful and white light. v .Y A further object of the invention is to proj vide such a construction as to bring all portions f-f ing suflicient heat from the burning flame of of the mixing-chamber close under thebot tom of the mantle and in intimate relation therewith. Y i n l D -Y A further obj ect of the invention is to pro- --vide a combined generating and air-mixing apparatus inwhich the generating or vaporiz# ing chamber shall be located in close relation to the air and vapor-mixing chamber, and

close to therbottom' of the mantle and -Y Y- the mixing-chamber and vaporizing-chambers being so arranged with relation to each other that the Avaporizing-flame may be utilized to thoroughly heat not only the walls of the vaporiZing-chamber, but all portions of' -the walls of the air-mixing chamber.

AA further object of the invention is to provide the vaporizing and air-mixing apparatus in such form and so arran ed that the generatmg or vaporizmg cham er, while receivvision of a covering or hoodover the vaporizingfchamber, so-that in the initial heating of the vaporizing-chamber all heat fromthe Specification of Letters Patent.-

l 'Patented June 19, 1906.

alcohol-name or other means can be localized upon the generator .to readily heat the same,

land which hood will also retain the heat from A thevaporizing portion of the ame upon the vaporiZing-chamber when the burner is in operation. f

Other and further obj ects and ends in view will hereinafter appear from the detail description ofconstruction and operation.

The invention will be lmore readily understood. by reference to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which- Figurel is a plan view of a lamp embodying my invention, the mantle and mantle holder being removed. Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, a portion of the mantle being broken away and the vaporizing and air-mixing apparatus being shown in vertical section "on line m2 wz of Fig, 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 953003 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is -a sectional plan view on the line x4 of Fig. 2,

As shown in the drawings, 2 represents a casing which is preferably oblong in form with a rounded outer end and within whichvis formed the mixing-chamber 3. Thiscasing 2 is provided with a closed vtop and bottom and at one side is provided with a series of perforations or slots 4 and with an opening 5, inits top above the perforated or slotted sidev4. The wall and casing 2 is extendedupwardly into a ange 6 above this opening.

5. As the series of perforations or slots 4 are extended downwardly along one side of the vcasing and the vaporiZing-tube lOAis arranged lsidewise to and transversely of this side burner, I am able toaccomplish two highly-important results. First, I am] able Ito provide a'burner of great compactness,

which is highly desirable in a lamp, and,sec ond, I am able to bring allportionsof the outer surface of the vaporizing-tube 10 vbetween the inlet and outlet of the vaporizer into direct contact with the flame from the side burner 4. This is of eXtreme importance in the vaporization of kerosene, and it is equally .offimportance'that the inlet end of the vaporiZing-tube should not be directly in contact with the flame, as it is very desirable not toproj ect the cold oil owing into the vaporizing-tube into too great heat at the point of itsintroduction into the tube. OtherwiseV c'arbonization is liable to stop upthe inlet inV the vaporizing-tube and clog theinlet end of the `vaporizing-tube. 'The vaporiZing-tube 10 provides a vsingle straight unitary vaporiz- IIO ing-chamber wherein equal vaporization of l all of the kerosene is insured, and by the provision of the clean-out plug 23 this single straight unitary vaporiZing-chamber may be most readily cleaned of all deposits of carbon and impurities carried by the oil. It has been found in the use of kerosene-vapor stoves that it is highly important to provide against such deposits in the vaporizingchamber, and to accomplish this desired result in the most simple manner I have provided a single straight vaporizing-tube having a single unitary and straight vaporizingchamber, the vaporiZing-tube being arranged alongside of and transversely to the downwardly-extending slotted Lportion of the p burner, so that I am able to combine the advantages of such a single straight unitary vaporizing-chamber and a unitary flame at the main burner and the vaporiZing-burner and completely surround the walls of the Vaporizing-chamber with the flame. By arranging suchvaporiZing-tube transversely to or across the downwardly-extending side burner and at the side thereof the iiame comes in intimate contact with all portions of the tube, and particularly with the lower portion of the periphery thereof. A marked advantage is secured by so arranging the vaporiZing-tube, as if the same is arranged substantially vertical the flame is not retained against the walls of the tube and the vaporizing-chamber is not as effectually heated. Furthermore, by the construction shown the vaporization of the oil does not depend upon the conduction of heat from one portion of the vaporizer in direct contact with the flame to other portions which are not in direct contact therewith, and I am also enabled to provide the greatest heat at the outlet end of the vaporizing-chamber.

It is obvious that the flange 6 may be formed either integral with or separate from the casing 2. The casing 2 is also provided at the side of the iiange 6 with an air-draft tube 7, which may be formed either integral with or separate from the casing 2. This air-draft tube7 has a closed top and an open bottom, and its inner wall is provided with an opening through which the air-mixing tube 8 projects into the mixing-chamber 3 of the casing,

terminating a short distance from the rounded end of the casin A low wall 9 is formed at the end of the air-draft tube for the purpose hereinafter set forth, this low wall forming a shallow receptacle with the chamber 3, the wall extending slightly above the bottom of the mixing-tube 8.

10 represents a vaporiZing-tube which, as shown, is arranged alongside the casing 2, but preferably inclined with respect to the horizontal so that the inlet end of the tube 10 is lower than the outlet end.

The surface of the casinA 2 opposite the vaporizing-tube 10 is prefera ly extended down,

as shown best in Figs. 2 and 3, a depression 11 being formed in the bottom of the casing 2 for this purpose, so that the perforations or slots 4 maybe extended below the generatingtube 10, thus insuring the projection of flame about the entire surface of the vaporizingtube.

Preferably the lower or inlet end of the vaporiZing-tube 10 is located beyond. the perforations 4, so that the inlet end is outside of the fire zone. rThe flange 6 of the casing at this side is also preferably provided with perforations 4 which extend u )wardly from the perforations 4, so that the ame of the mantle is in communication with the flame burning at the perforations 4, thus insuring the burning of the vapor issuing from the perforations or slots 4 at all times while there is vapor burning at the mantle, and vice versa.

12 represents an oil-supply pipe leading from a suitable source of supplyinto the lower end of the vaporizing-tube 10. This vaporizing-tube 10 is provided at its upper end with a vapor-outlet 13, which, as shown, opens opposite the inlet end of the mixingtube 8 and across the chamber or air-draft tube 7, so that the projection of vapor from the outlet 13 in the mixing-tube 8 impels the indrawing of air in the tube 8 with the infiowing vapor.

17 represents a valve-casing, )referably of sufficient length to carry the packing-box away from the heat zone, so that the heat from the burner will not deteriorate the packing, and thereby causing the valve to leak. Inside of this casing 17 is a valve-stein 18, which fits snugly within the casing 17 and has at its inner end a cylindrical pin-valve16, adapted to operate in the vapor-outlet 13 of the vaporizing-tube 10. When the valve 16 is projected into the outlet 13, the end of the stem 18 seats against the wall of the tube 10, closing the outlet of vapor from the vaporizing-chamber 14. The stem 18 passes through a suitable packing within a packing-box 19 and is provided with a packing-nut 20. Toward its outer end and preferably beyond the acking-box 19 the valve-stem 18 is of enarged diameter and provided with a thread adapted to engage in a threaded opening in the flange 21. The valve-stem is preferably provided with a suitable operating head or wheel 22.

15 represents a light filling within the vaporizing chamber 14, being shown in the drawings as a series of twisted fine wires. If preferred, wire-gauze might be used in place of the wires. The object of this filling 15 is to provide against puffing of the burner due to irregularity of the vaporization within the tube 10, and the use of the light filling within the tube 10 distributes the heat evenly throughout the chamber 14, thus insuring an equal and constant vaporization. r The use of such light filling also prevents the de- IOS sesns p positV of carbon, as such light filling is more readilykfheated tothe same degree as is the wall of lthetube 10.

23 represents a removable plug in the lower end of the va orizing-tube 10, by which access may be ad to the chamber 14 thereof for cleaning or renewing thelight filling.

Preferably the oil-supply pipe 12 is convas the oil inthe supply-pipe 12, and also by reducing the cross-sectional area of the portion 12 the heat-conducting surface thereof i is made'smaller, so it can drawless heat from the vaporiZing-tube. y p

By inclining the vaporizingy-tube 10 the natural tendency of the oil as it is heated to rise istaken advantage of and the vaporizing oil rising toward the upper end ofthe vaporizing-tube is converted into vapor before it reaches the outlet 13, thus insuring the delivery of the dry vapor through the outlet 13.

By arranging the outlet 13 above the inlet into vthe va orizing-tube the absolute vaporization of t e oil is insured and all possibility of non-vaorized oil flowing to the outlet obviated. y thus preventing the non-volatilized oil from approaching the outlet end I am also able to provide the greates'theat in the outlet end of the vaporizing-chamber,

thus insuring the 4most complete volatilization. This isof great importance with kerosene, as the saine condenses with great rapidity.

At the top of the opening 5 a wire-gauze 24 is provided, through which the vapor from the chamber 3 passes. be supported on the flange 6 in any suitable manner. In place of Wire-gauze any suitable material may be used. Preferably at the Centern-of the Wire-gauze is formed a socket for the mantle rod or support 25. This mantle rod or sup ort may be of the usual or of any preferred form of construction. for the mantle-support 25 may be formed by an inverted hollow rivet, whose prongs extendover just sufficiently on the surface of the Wire-gauze to support the same in place.

26 represents'the mantle, which may be of the ordinary yor any preferred construction.-` Preferably the supply pipe 12 extends away from the generating-tube 1 0 back under the casing 2, being inclined downward.

27 represents a-hood which extends outy from the casing 2 over the vaporizing-tube 10,this hood beingv extended downwardly, as shown, and being provided withan opening 28, so that the flame from the perforations or slots`4 and 4 may be in communication with the liame from the mantle. L

This wire-gauze mayv The socket By forming the 'vaporizing-tubegl() at the side ofthe casing 2 much more ready access can be had to the tube 10 for starting the .lamp in operation. I .with this construction the side portion of the liame heats the tube not only at its central portion, but also at its upper and discharge lt will also be noted that Y end, and that there isno cold metal withv which the vapor comes incontact, so as to produce condensation.

Preferably by arranging v y75 the air-mixing tube 8 at one side of the chamber 3 provision is made for a greater commotion of the vapor in the chamber 3, so as to --insure a most thorough commingling of the air and vapor Ybefore the combined product passes to the f mantle. i

lt is `preferable to provide' the tube 8 of A' such diameter as to provide an excess of air in the mixing-chamber 3, so that` the vapor from the vaporiZing-tube 10 is commingled in the chamber 3, not only with just sufficient air to burn on the mantle 26 with a blue iiame, butwith a sufficient amount of airl so that the iiame will be of a much more intense temperature, thus effectually providing p against any condensation of ^the` vapor by reason of the thorough heating ofthe vaporiZing-tube and mixing-chamber and causing the supply of such excess air to be .most

thoroughly commingled with the vapor; l

It is thus seen-that with this construction and arrangement all parts are in intimate relation to the heat zone, so that no part of the mixing-chamber is away from the heat zone,

thus preventing any unheated surface from being presentedv to the vapor which would i causefcondensatio'n.

\ By providing a low wall 9 within the l the tube 10 into the-air-mixing tube 8 will fill the cup formedby the wall 9, and as the IIO wall 9 is slightly higher than the bottom of the tube 8 the oil will then runback outy of the tube 8 and down the air-chamber 7, thus preventinga dangerous accumulation of a quantity of oil within the mixing-chamber 3. 'Preferably the casing 2 is short, so as to provide a hollow mixing-chamber 3, the casing being of suchl lateralrproportions as to provide suflicient capacity for the chamber. With this construction compactness is insured.

Having thus described my invention, l i claim as new and desire to Ysecure by Letters Patentl y 1*. An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a short, wide, hollow casing having an im- 1 perforate bottom, a topvhaving a'flanged outlet and imperforate except throughl said i outlet, and a side or lwall having ak perfo# rated portir'xn,theY perforations of which vex'-V tend from said outlet downwardly, a mixingtube extending into said casing at one side of said perforated side, a vaporizing-tube having a straight unitary vaporiZing-chamber arranged sidewise to and transversely of said downwardly-extending perforated portion of said side, and adapted to be in direct contact with the flame therefrom, said vaporizingtube having an inlet and an outlet, the inletbeing arranged below the level of the outlet, means for supplying oil to said vaporizingtube, said vaporizing-tube opening into said mixing-tube, and means for admitting air to said mixing-tube.

2. An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a casing having a mixing-chamber, a flanged top outlet, a side air-inlet, a downwardly-perforated side portion, a mixingtube extending into said chamber, a straight vaporiZing-tube having a unitary straight vaporizing-chamber arranged sidewise to and transversely of said downwardly-extending side portion in close proximity thereto, and having a peripheral outlet into said mixingtube and an inlet arranged below the level of said outlet, a valve extending transverse of said vaporiZing-tube controlling said peripheral outlet and means for supplying oil to said vaporizing-tube.

3. An incandescent vapor-burner, comprising a` casing having a mixing-chamber, a flanged top outlet, a side air-inlet, a downwardly-extending perforated side portion, a mixing-tube extending into said chamber, a straight vaporizing-tube having a unitary straight vaporiZing-chamber arranged sidewise to and transversely of said perforated side portionin close proximity thereto and having a peripheral outlet into said mixing-tube, a valve for said peripheral outlet extending transverse of said vaporizing-tube, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing-tube, a mantle on said flanged outlet, and a hood supported on said casing and extending out down over said vaporiZing-tube, said hood provided with an opening allowing communication of flame between said mantle and perforated side.

4. An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a short, wide, hollow casing having an imperforate bottom, a top provided with a flanged outlet, and a side wall having a perforated portion, a mantle positioned above and extending down to said outlet, a mixingtube extending into the chamber of said casing, a single straight vaporizing-tube having a straight unitary vaporizing chamber arranged sidewise transverse to the length of said casing and in close proximity to the perforated portion thereof, the perforations of said side extending downward from said mantle to opposite the lower edge of said vaporizing-tube, said vaporiZing-tube provided with a peripheral outlet-opening into said mixing-tube, a valve for said peripheral outsaavs let, the stem of said valve extending transversely through said vaporiZing-tube, and means for supplying oil to said vaporizingtube.

5. An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a short, wide, hollow casing having an imperforate bottom, a top provided with a flanged outlet, a side wall having a perforate portion, a mantle positioned above and cxtending down to said outlet, a mixing-tube extending into the chamber of said casing, a single straight vaporiZing-tube having a single straight vaporizingchamber arranged sidewise and transverse to the length of said casing and in close proximity to the )erforated portion thereof, all portions of said vaporizing-tube between the inlet and outlet thereof being in direct contact with the flame from said perforated side portion, the perforations of said side portion extending downwardly from said mantle to opposite thelower edge of said vaporizing-tube, said vaporizingtube provided with a peripheral outlet opening into, said mixing-tube, a valve for said peripheral outlet, the stem of said valve extending transversely through said Vaporizing-tube, a hood extending over the top and down the side of said vaporizing-tube, said hood provided with a top opening permitting the union of flame between said mantle and said perforated side portion, and means for supplying` oil to said vaporiZing-tube.

6. An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a casing having a central mixing-chamber, a flanged outlet therefrom, a downwardly-extending perforated portion, a mixing-tube extending into said casing at the side of said perforated side portion, a single straight vaporiZing-tube having a unitary straight vaporiZing-chamber arranged transverse of said downwardly-extending perforated side portion and in close proximity thereto, all portions of said vaporizing-tube between the inlet and outlet thereof being in direct contact with the flame from said perforate side portion, said vaporizing-tube having a peripheral outlet into said mixing-chamber, a valve for said peripheral outlet operating transversely of said vaporizing-tube, and means for supplying oil to said vaporizingtube.

7 An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a short, wide hollow casing having an imperforate bottom, a top provided with a flanged outlet and a side wall having a perforated portion, a mantle positioned above and extending down to said outlet, a mixing-tube extending into the chamber of said casing at the side of said perforated portion, an airsupplying tube communicating from below said casing to said mixing-tube, a vaporizingtube having a single straight vaporizingchamber arranged sidewise and transverse to the lengthof said casing and in close proximity to the perforated portion thereof, the per- IOO IIO

forations of said side extending downward from said mantle to opposite the lower edge of said vaporizing-tube and extending from close proximity to the inlet end of said vaporizing-tube to close to the outlet therefrom, said vaporiZing-tube provided with a peripheral outlet opening through said air-supplying tube, a valve for said peripheral outlet, the stem of said valve extending transversely through said vaporizing-tube', and means for supplying oil to the inlet end of said Vaporizing-tube. n,

8. A n incandescent vapor-burner comprising a short, wide, hollow casing having animperforate bottom, a top provided with a flanged outlet and a side wall having a perforated portion, a mantle positioned above and extending down to said outlet, a vaporizingtube having' a single straight vaporizingchamber arranged sidewise to and transverse to the length of said casing, and in close proximity to the perforated portion thereof, the perforations of said side extending downward from said mantle to opposite the lower edge of said vaporiZing-tube, and extending from close proximity to the inlet end of said vaporizing-tube to close to the outlet therefrom, said vaporizing-tube provided with a peripheral outlet into said casing, a valve for i day of December, 1904.

transversely through said vaporizing-tube,

and means for supplying oil to the inlet end of said vaporizing-tube.

9. An incandescent vapor-burner comprising a casing having a central mixing-chamber, a flanged outlet therefrom, a downwardly-extending perforated side portion, a mixing-tube extendin into said casing at the side of said perforated side portion, a single straight vaporizing-tube arranged sidewise to and transverse of said downwardly-extending perforated side portion and in close proximity thereto, all portions of said vaporizingtube between the inlet and outlet thereof, being in directcontact with the flame from said perforated side portion, a light anticarbonizingiilling'in said vaporiZing-tube, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing-tiib'e, saidv va orizing-tube discharging into said mixingtu e, said mixing-tube adapted to receive air from-outside said casing. y

In testimonywhereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Los Angeles, California, this 6th JOHN A. MATHES. In presence of- FREDERIOK S. LYON, TiLLIE E. ADAM. 

